Ok. I feel like this is an area of expertise I am proficient in.
I am speaking generally (I don't necessarily know what is the norm in your area, but this is what I've found from my travels).
My first reaction was everybody above has covered it. Color me impressed - no sarcastic comments, very good helpful comments that don't repeat.
So my first piece of advice is read through the previous comments, they all seem to know what they're talking about. Next, I will try to come up with things that have helped me through the years that hasn't already been mentioned.
Study the basket. There might be something pointing to the next tee - tape on a spoke, an arrow hanging or sitting on top, or on the ground nearby is a paver or something.
Look for other navigational clues. A dot spray painted on a tree (faded from years in the elements that you can just barely see a trace of color). A wooden arrow/sign screwed to a tree (weathered from years of moss and elements). Flags in the ground (again, worn from years of exposure, a previously bright pink flag, might just be a piece of wire sticking out of the ground). Flagging tape tied around a branch/tree (a recurring theme, exposure might bleach the tape, or break it so that it's just pieces laying on the ground).
Social media. DGCR has a local guides function. With some facebook sleuthing or a post to the local page you can usually find someone to talk to or possibly guide you, or maybe the local scene is more active on disc golf scene, or udisc can get you in touch with a local. This is by far the easiest - I don't have to think, or reference a map, or whatever technology, I just follow hippy john around as he shows me how the course is intended to be played.
If there are tee signs, study them carefully. I can't tell you how many times I've gotten to the basket to realize the only navigation that existed was on the tee sign, it has an arrow pointing the way to the next tee.
Bring a dog. Specifically a dog in tune with disc golf. My dog Aspen (and previously Forest), he just knows (he follows his nose and follows the smell of previous discs, footprints, stale beer, bong water, and sweaty hippy), more often than not he drops his frisbee on the next tee pad before I even consider where to walk to next.
Study the landscape. As a course designer, where is the logical place to go from here... *shrugs* not usually very helpful and is more painful in the long run *daang, this would be a cool hole over here, why didn't they do this..*
