I disagree with the earlier poster who shamed us for working out for disc golf - if you're going to work out anyway, the question is: why not gear it toward disc golf? If you truly want to improve your game, gearing your weight training toward it will do nothing but give you a nice full body workout, and you'll in no way be neglecting improvement of your everyday health.
In general I'm a huge proponent of the idea of bodyweight work for disc golf. This is one reason why I say all of the above - I avoid things that could cause injury. As has been stated numerous times by posters here: overall weight training is more risk than reward if you follow a lot of plans geared around general mass or general cutting. Many of them are pushed on people that want "results now" and aren't willing to simply make it a consistent part of their life.
I've taken a basic bodyweight routine - I hit one area per day over five days, and take two. I don't do a leg day because I'm a very active XC and Track coach (why do a leg day, if I'm not building for mass, when I can go outside and push a strong 5 miles?). I utilize the following core exercises: pushup, handstand pushup, pullup, straight leg raise, and bridge progressions as my core exercises on each of my five days. I do them consecutively, but split the arm oriented work with the ab and back oriented work. Each is supplemented with dumb-bells at 6-10 repetitions, no bar-bells as I prefer to keep motions natural.
To focus it on disc golf I follow these rules:
1. Avoid any injury causing reps. This means focus the workout on a very slow controlled negative portion, and if any reps start to push me to the point that my form can not be maintained I end the set.
2. On the positive part of the exercise (the contraction of the targeted muscles) I try for a controlled explosion: accelerate through and hit hard at the point of maximum myofibril contact (mid-rep).
3. I make sure that every exercise I do, core or auxiliary, has a focus on full body engagement over isolation. Disc golf form, done right, is a serious of natural movements for the body. Sped up, sometimes to the point of being violent in terms of speed and power, but natural movements. None of these movements are isolated to just a single part of the body. So when I do my straight leg raises, for example, I focus on maintaining a high shoulder carry when I hang, I minimize finger contact so I'm engaging my forearms, I don't bring the rep to the bottom or let the legs bend... Carefully maintained form. Same thing with pull ups: never swing, never kip, hold tight with the abs to prevent swinging.... Pushups maintain the planked body... And so on. Engage the whole body, just like a throw does. The natural movement of lifting your legs on a straight leg raise involves the back, so don't try to isolate the contraction on the abs, let your body function correctly.
And always remember that there's a next year to think about, and a next five years. A whole Masters career. So don't get hurt being stupid and trying to make advances too quickly. If you ruin your joints, you've messed up the whole damn thing.